Sonegação bilionária
Jurisprudência do STF: 'É tucano? Tá liberado!"
Deveríamos aplicar a fórmula do economista francês
Thomas Piketty, autor de "Capital in the Twenty-First Century"
(Capital no século XXI), aos bilionários brasileiros.
Como o capitalismo produz desigualdade e esta ameaça
a democracia, a medida profilática é taxar fortemente a renda do capital.
O capitalismo privilegia os rentistas.
Provoca redução de crescimento, que prejudica os
trabalhadores.
Herdeiros de fortunas ficam ricos sem nada fazer na
vida, a não ser gastar sem amarras o que foi retirado do suor dos
trabalhadores.
Ocorre a concentração de renda, o que dificulta e
até impede a ascensão social.
Imposto sobre grandes fortunas?
Sim.
Taxa?
80%.
Pela distribuição de renda!
Pela justiça social!
The
15 Richest Families In Brazil
When the first FORBES
Billionaires list was published in 1987, there
were just three Brazilians on it: Sebastiao Camargo, the founder of Sao
Paulo-based industrial conglomerate Camargo Correa, which also owns the well
known Havaianas brand of flip flops; Antonio Ermirio de Moraes, one of the
controlling shareholders of Grupo Votorantim, a Brazilian behemoth producer or
raw materials from pulp to cement; and Roberto Marinho, who built a small
newspaper inherited by his father in 1925 into Latin America’s largest media
empire, the Globo Organizations.
Today, with the exception of Ermirio de Moraes, the
only member of the original Brazilian billionaire trio who is still alive, all
the children of both Camargo and Marinho are billionaires, and members of some
of Brazil’s richest families. Ermirio de Moraes’ brother and sister, along with
the children of his deceased brother, are also billionaires on their own.
Being born into billion-dollar fortunes is still
the best way to reach billionaire status sometime in the future, even though
the inheritors are shrinking as a percentage of the FORBES World’s Billionaires
list. Roughly two-thirds of the 1,645 names on the 2014 list are
self-made billionaires, while 207 inherited their wealth and another 352
inherited at least a portion but managed to increase it.
Brazil is no exception. As the country’s surging
wealth is creating moremillionaires and billionaires than ever before, rich families are holding onto a big piece of
the pie. Out of the 65 Brazilian
billionaires listed by FORBES in our latest World’s
Billionaires list, 25 are blood relatives. Eight families have multiple members
among our latest rank. FORBES tries whenever
possible to list people individually, but some
families in Brazil have billion-dollar fortunes shared by several individuals,
neither of whom is a billionaire on their own and therefore not a member of our
annual list.
That is the case of the Odebrechts, who control one
of Brazil’s largest industrial conglomerates and are certainly one of the
richest families in the country (some 15 family members share the fortune); the
Setubals, who are among the controllers of publicly-traded Itau Unibanco
Holding; and others. Net worths were calculated based on stock prices and
currency exchange rates from Friday May 9. Together, the 15 Richest
Families In Brazil are worth an estimated $122 billion —
or about 5% of the country’s GDP.
Given that Brazil’s culture of family businesses
results in many of the country’s largest companies still being
family-controlled, these companies are likely to continue creating wealth for
their owners. Not surprisingly: according to a ranking
by Exame magazine, 6 of the 10 largest conglomerates in Brazil are
family-controlled. Some of these dynasties have shaped entire industries,
including in media, banking and construction services.
Take the example of the sons of Roberto Marinho —
billionaires Roberto Irineu, Joao Roberto and Jose Roberto, whose combined net
worth of $28.3 billion makes them the richest family in Brazil. The Marinho
brothers own 100% of Globo Organzations, which includes Rede Globo, which has
about half of Brazil’s broadcast television market, and reached sales of $4.8 billion last year and a profit of $1.1 billion. In spite
of being Brazil’s biggest media company, Globo has resisted going public and
remains a family business.
The Villelas and the Setubals are also in that
category. Together they share control of Itausa, a holding company that in turn
controls Itau Unibanco Holding, the largest private bank in the Southern
hemisphere. Both families are known in Sao Paulo as “fifteenths,” or families
whose own history of wealth and power dates back four centuries to the 1500s.
Not all Brazilian families have managed to maintain
such wealth throughout the years. One of the most notorious examples of losing
a fortune are the Matarazzos, an enterprising clan of industrialists of Italian
heritage. The commercial empire of the Matarazzos was the biggest in Brazil and
probably of all Latin America in the early 1900s, employing more than 30,000
workers in 367 plants (textiles, foodstuffs, 80-odd other miscellaneous
products). However in 1983, 101 years after its foundation, the Matarazzo
Group succumbed to debt burdens totaling $160 million and filed for financial
reorganization. At the time, the Matarazzos attributed its plight to the
government’s economic policies.
In order to be ready for this sort of adversity,
public offerings have become a way for Brazilian family-owned companies to fund
their expansion. Over the past five years or so, Brazil experienced a wave of
businesses filing for IPOs whose origins can be traced back to mid-2005, when,
after more than a decade of spartan economic policies, the country started to
show signs that it would fulfill at least part of its fabled potential. The
large majority of these companies are controlled by family groups.
“Families are looking for external investors, so
they can reduce the risk for their private wealth,” explains René Werner, a leading family business advisor. “At the same time that makes them
able to fulfill the potential of their businesses.”
For many Brazilian families who aim to grow their
economic power, external shareholders may be necessary to achieve that.
Here, the 15 Richest Families In Brazil:
1. Marinho – 3
brothers, all billionaires (Roberto Irineu Marinho, Joao Robero Marinho, Jose Roberto Marinho). Combined net worth: $28.9 billion.
Source of wealth: media.
2. Safra – 3
relatives, all billionaires (Joseph Safra, Moise Safra, Lily Safra). Combined net worth: $20.1 billion. Source of wealth: banking.
3. Ermirio de Moraes – 6 relatives, all billionaires (Antonio Ermirio de Moraes, Ermirio Pereira de Moraes, Maria Helena Moraes Scripilliti, Jose Roberto Ermirio de Moraes, Jose Ermirio de Moraes Neto and Neide Helena de Moraes). Combined net worth: $15.4 billion. Source of wealth: conglomerate Votorantim.
3. Ermirio de Moraes – 6 relatives, all billionaires (Antonio Ermirio de Moraes, Ermirio Pereira de Moraes, Maria Helena Moraes Scripilliti, Jose Roberto Ermirio de Moraes, Jose Ermirio de Moraes Neto and Neide Helena de Moraes). Combined net worth: $15.4 billion. Source of wealth: conglomerate Votorantim.
4. Moreira Salles – 4
brothers, all billionaires (Fernando Roberto
Moreira Salles, Joao Moreira Salles, Pedro Moreira Salles and Walther Moreira Salles
Junior). Combined net worth: $12.4 billion.
Source of wealth: banking.
5.
Camargo – 3 sisters, all billionaires (Rossana Camargo de Arruda Botelho,Renata de Camargo Nascimento and Regina de Camargo Pires Oliveira Dias). Combined net worth: $8 billion. Source
of wealth: conglomerate Camargo Correa.
6.
Villela – 5 relatives, 2 billionaires (Alfredo Egydio de Arruda Villela Filhoand Ana Lucia de Mattos Barretto Villela). Combined net worth: $5 billion. Source
of wealth: Itausa.
7. Maggi – 5
relatives, 4 billionaires (Lucia Borges Maggi, Blairo Borges Maggi, Marli Maggi
Pissollo, Itamar Locks and Hugo de Carvalho Ribeiro). Combined net worth: $4.9 billion. Source of wealth: soybeans.
8.
Aguiar – 3 sisters,
all billionaires (Lina Maria Aguiar, Lia
Maria Aguiarand Maria Angela Aguiar Bellizia). Combined net worth: $4.5 billion. Source
of wealth: banking.
9. Batista – 10
relatives, no individual billionaires. Combined net worth of wealth: $4.3 billion. Source: beef processing.
10. Odebrecht – 15
relatives, no individual billionaires. Combined net worth:$3.9 billion. Source: diversified.
11. Civita – 3
siblings, all billionaires (Giancarlo Francesco
Civita, Anamaria Roberta
Civita and Victor Civita Neto). Combined net worth: $3.3 billion. Source
of wealth: media.
12. Setubal – 25
relatives, no individual billionaires. Combined net worth:$3.3 billion. Source of wealth: banking.
13. Igel – 7
relatives, one billionaire (Daisy Igel). Combined net worth: $3.2 billion. Source
of wealth: gas, petrochemicals.
14. Marcondes Penido – 2
sisters, 1 billionaire (Ana Maria Marcondes
Penido Sant’Anna). Combined net worth: $2.8 billion. Source of wealth: toll roads.
15. Feffer – 5 siblings, no individual billionaires. Combined net worth: $2.3 billion. Source of wealth: pulp and paper.
Confira também:
O
Brasil não quer voltar atrás #PSDBnuncamais
Imposto
sobre as grandes fortunas. Quem deve pagar: As pessoas mais ricas do Brasil
Cantareira
perdeu a voz #PSDB #AfundaSãoPaulo
7
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